1. In ancient times, some societies were organized as matriarchies, with women holding significant power and influence.
在古代，一些社会以母系氏族制度为组织形式，女性在其中拥有重要的权力和影响力。
2. The concept of a matriarchy challenges traditional gender roles and promotes gender equality.
母系氏族制度的概念挑战了传统的性别角色，倡导性别平等。